Strategies to Increase Participation in Early Detection of Cervical Cancer in Women of Childbearing Age: A Systematic Review
Main Article Content
Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world and Indonesia, with a low rate of early detection. Cervical screening is an important intervention, especially for women of childbearing age (WUS). Objectives: This literature review aims to summarize effective interventions in increasing WUS participation in the early detection of cervical cancer. Methods: A total of 20 studies with 10,396 WUS were included. These studies were grouped based on intervention methods, namely Self-Sampling, SMS Reminders, Health Counseling, Family Support, Cervical Cancer Cadres, and Motivational Interviewing. The analysis was carried out with a PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) framework. Results: Health counseling was the most common intervention (8 studies, 1,053 interventions). Self-sampling, evaluated in 3 RCTs (1,953 WUS), showed a significant improvement in screening, especially in developed countries. SMS reminders, which were tested in 4 RCTs (4,905 WUS), also increased participation, with one study reporting a five-fold improvement. Family support, which was studied in 3 studies in Indonesia, emphasized the importance of the role of husbands in encouraging screening. The Cervical Cancer Cadre method in Cameroon shows that community workers can mobilize WUS for screening. Motivational Interviewing in one study in Iran increased the screening of women who were motivated face-to-face or over the phone. Conclusion: Six intervention strategies have been proven to be effective in increasing WUS participation in the early detection of cervical cancer. The support of facilities and resources is critical to the effectiveness and sustainability of the program.
Keywords:
cervical cancer, early detection, women of childbearing age
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Imelda, F., Tarigan, M., & Santosa, H. (2022). The Influence of WhatsApp Education Information Communication on Knowledge and Attitude of Early Cervical Cancer Detection Medan. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(T7), 121–125.
Indarti, J. (2023). The Role of Social Obstetrics and Gynecology in the Coverage of Cervical Cancer Screening in the Era of Health Transformation in Indonesia. Indones J Obs. Gynecol, 11(4), 198–200.
Juwitasari, Harini, R., & Rosyad, A. A. (2021). Husband Support Mediates the Association between Self-Efficacy and Cervical Cancer Screening among Women in the Rural Area of Indonesia. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 8(5), 560–564. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon-2085
Khabibah, U., Adyani, K., & Rahmawati, A. (2022). Faktor Risiko Kanker Serviks: Literature Review. Faletehan Health Journal, 9(3), 270–277. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33746/fhj.v10i03.354
Pimple, S. A., & Mishra, G. A. (2019). Global strategies for cervical cancer prevention and screening. Minerva Ginecologica, 71(4), 313–320.
Polman, N. J., de Haan, Y., Veldhuijzen, N. J., Heideman, D. A. M., de Vet, H. C. W., Meijer, C. J. L. M., … Berkhof, J. (2019). Experience with HPV self-sampling and clinician-based sampling in women attending routine cervical screening in the Netherlands. Preventive Medicine, 125, 5–11. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.04.025
Pourebrahim-Alamdari, P., Mehrabi, E., Nourizadeh, R., Esmaeilpour, K., Mousavi, S., & Hakimi, S. (2022). The effect of face-to-face and phone call motivational interviewing on cervical cancer screening. Cancer Nursing, 45(6), E897–E902.
Scarinci, I. C., Li, Y., Tucker, L., Campos, N. G., Kim, J. J., Peral, S., & Castle, P. E. (2021). Given a choice between self-sampling at home for HPV testing and standard of care screening at the clinic, what do African American women choose? Findings from a group randomized controlled trial. Preventive Medicine, 142, 106358. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106358
Tafwidhah, Y., & Wulandari, D. (2015). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Tentang Kangker Serviks Terhadap Keikutsertaan Pemeriksaan IVA (Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat) Pada WUS (Wanita Usia Subur) Di Puskesmas Karya Mulia Kota Pontianak. Jurnal ProNers.
Alizadeh Sabeg, P., Mehrabi, E., Nourizadeh, R., Poursharifi, H., & Mousavi, S. (2019). The effect of counseling on breast cancer awareness in rural Iranian women: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Journal of Cancer Education, 34, 1083–1091.
Baezconde-Garbanati, L., Agurto, I., Gravitt, P. E., Luciani, S., Murphy, S., Ochoa, C., … Rodríguez, Y. L. (2020). Barriers and innovative interventions for early detection of cervical cancer. Salud Pública de México, 61, 456–460.
Burmeister, C. A., Khan, S. F., Schäfer, G., Mbatani, N., Adams, T., Moodley, J., & Prince, S. (2022). Cervical cancer therapies: Current challenges and future perspectives. Tumour Virus Research, 13, 200238. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvr.2022.200238
Calderón-Mora, J., Alomari, A., Byrd, T. L., & Shokar, N. K. (2022). Evaluation of a narrative video to promote prevention and early detection of cervical cancer among latinas. Health Promotion Practice, 23(5), 884–891.
Darj, E., Chalise, P., & Shakya, S. (2019). Barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening in Nepal: A qualitative study. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 20, 20–26. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2019.02.001
Delam, H., Izanloo, S., Bazrafshan, M.-R., & Eidi, A. (2020). Risk factors for cervical cancer: An epidemiological review. Journal of Health Sciences & Surveillance System, 8(3), 105–109.
Devi, S., & Dasila, P. K. (2020). Verbal, written, and video-based health education on prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University, 15(3), 438–443.
Erwin, E., Aronson, K. J., Day, A., Ginsburg, O., Macheku, G., Feksi, A., … West, N. (2019). SMS behaviour change communication and eVoucher interventions to increase uptake of cervical cancer screening in the Kilimanjaro and Arusha regions of Tanzania: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial of effectiveness. BMJ Innovations, 5(1).
Farahdiba, I., Situmorang, T. S. R., Sari, A. P., & Noviani, D. (2023). Pencegahan Kanker Serviks Melalui Penyuluhan Dan Pemeriksaan Serviks Dengan Metode Iva Di Kelurahan Pantai Amal. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Pelamonia (JPKMP), 3(2), 82–89.
Fitriah, S., Kania, N., Triawanti, T., Arifin, S., & Nugroho, A. (n.d.). The Relationship Between Husband’s Knowledge, Attitude and Support with The Behavior of Women for Early Detection of Cervical Cancer (Study Through Visual Inspection of Acetic Acid (VIA). Jurnal Berkala Kesehatan, 9(1), 22–31.
George, N., Bhandari, P., Shruptha, P., Jayaram, P., Chaudhari, S., & Satyamoorthy, K. (2023). Multidimensional outlook on the pathophysiology of cervical cancer invasion and metastasis. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 478(11), 2581–2606. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-023-04686-3
Gupta, S., Palmer, C., Bik, E. M., Cardenas, J. P., Nunez, H., Kraal, L., … Walton, N. A. (2018). Self-sampling for human papillomavirus testing: increased cervical cancer screening participation and incorporation in international screening programs. Frontiers in Public Health, 6, 77.
Halle, M. K., Munk, A. C., Engesæter, B., Akbari, S., Frafjord, A., Hoivik, E. A., … Øvestad, I. T. (2021). A Gene Signature Identifying CIN3 Regression and Cervical Cancer Survival. Cancers, 13(22), 5737. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225737
Hande, A. H., Chaudhary, M. S., Gadbail, A. R., Zade, P. R., Gawande, M. N., & Patil, S. K. (2018). Role of hypoxia in malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis. Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University, 13(1), 38–43.
Hanifah, L., & Sari, A. N. (2020). Karakteristik Kader Posyandu Dalam Upaya Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks. Avicenna: Journal of Health Research, 3(1), 133–140.
Hu, C., Cao, J., Zeng, L., Luo, Y., & Fan, H. (2022). Prognostic factors for squamous cervical carcinoma identified by competing-risks analysis: A study based on the SEER database. Medicine, 101(39), e30901.
Huf, S., Kerrison, R. S., King, D., Chadborn, T., Richmond, A., Cunningham, D., … Vlaev, I. (2020). Behavioral economics informed message content in text message reminders to improve cervical screening participation: Two pragmatic randomized controlled trials. Preventive Medicine, 139, 106170. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106170
Imelda, F., Tarigan, M., & Santosa, H. (2022). The Influence of WhatsApp Education Information Communication on Knowledge and Attitude of Early Cervical Cancer Detection Medan. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(T7), 121–125.
Indarti, J. (2023). The Role of Social Obstetrics and Gynecology in the Coverage of Cervical Cancer Screening in the Era of Health Transformation in Indonesia. Indones J Obs. Gynecol, 11(4), 198–200.
Juwitasari, Harini, R., & Rosyad, A. A. (2021). Husband Support Mediates the Association between Self-Efficacy and Cervical Cancer Screening among Women in the Rural Area of Indonesia. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 8(5), 560–564. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon-2085
Khabibah, U., Adyani, K., & Rahmawati, A. (2022). Faktor Risiko Kanker Serviks: Literature Review. Faletehan Health Journal, 9(3), 270–277. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33746/fhj.v10i03.354
Pimple, S. A., & Mishra, G. A. (2019). Global strategies for cervical cancer prevention and screening. Minerva Ginecologica, 71(4), 313–320.
Polman, N. J., de Haan, Y., Veldhuijzen, N. J., Heideman, D. A. M., de Vet, H. C. W., Meijer, C. J. L. M., … Berkhof, J. (2019). Experience with HPV self-sampling and clinician-based sampling in women attending routine cervical screening in the Netherlands. Preventive Medicine, 125, 5–11. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.04.025
Pourebrahim-Alamdari, P., Mehrabi, E., Nourizadeh, R., Esmaeilpour, K., Mousavi, S., & Hakimi, S. (2022). The effect of face-to-face and phone call motivational interviewing on cervical cancer screening. Cancer Nursing, 45(6), E897–E902.
Scarinci, I. C., Li, Y., Tucker, L., Campos, N. G., Kim, J. J., Peral, S., & Castle, P. E. (2021). Given a choice between self-sampling at home for HPV testing and standard of care screening at the clinic, what do African American women choose? Findings from a group randomized controlled trial. Preventive Medicine, 142, 106358. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106358
Tafwidhah, Y., & Wulandari, D. (2015). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Tentang Kangker Serviks Terhadap Keikutsertaan Pemeriksaan IVA (Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat) Pada WUS (Wanita Usia Subur) Di Puskesmas Karya Mulia Kota Pontianak. Jurnal ProNers.
