Single-Stage Versus Two-Stage Urethroplasty for Hypospadias
Main Article Content
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of single-stage and two-stage urethroplasty procedures in hypospadias repair. Researchers conducted a systematic review of relevant literature using medical databases and manual searches of relevant articles. We assessed the outcomes of clinical studies related to single-stage and two-stage urethroplasty techniques, as well as identifying the advantages and disadvantages of each. Our review findings indicate that single-stage urethroplasty offers advantages in terms of shorter hospital stays and increased comfort for both patients and medical staff. However, two-stage urethroplasty has advantages in more aggressive chordee correction and lower recurrence rates. Nevertheless, there is no one-size-fits-all approach to hypospadias repair, as the choice of urethroplasty technique often depends on the preferences and specific expertise of individual surgeons. This research highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate urethroplasty technique based on patient characteristics and surgeon expertise. Future research needs to expand our knowledge of factors influencing the success of urethroplasty procedures to guide better clinical decision-making in hypospadias management.
Keywords:
Hypospadias, Urethroplasty, Single-Stage Urethroplasty, Two-Stage Urethroplasty
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Badawy, H., & Fahmy, A. (2013). Single- vs. Multi-stage repair of proximal hypospadias: The dilemma continues. In Arab Journal of Urology (Vol. 11, Issue 2, pp. 174–181). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aju.2013.03.009
Baskin, L. (2017). What is hypospadias? In Clinical Pediatrics (Vol. 56, Issue 5, pp. 409–418). SAGE Publications Inc. https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922816684613
Bergman, J. E. H., Loane, M., Vrijheid, M., Pierini, A., Nijman, R. J. M., Addor, M. C., Barisic, I., Béres, J., Braz, P., Budd, J., Delaney, V., Gatt, M., Khoshnood, B., Klungsøyr, K., Martos, C., Mullaney, C., Nelen, V., Neville, A. J., O’Mahony, M., … de Walle, H. E. K. (2015). Epidemiology of hypospadias in Europe: a registry-based study. World Journal of Urology, 33(12), 2159–2167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-015-1507-6
Bhat, A., Sabharwal, K., Bhat, M., Saran, R., Singla, M., & Kumar, V. (2014). Outcome of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty with spongioplasty alone as additional tissue cover: A prospective study. Indian Journal of Urology, 30(4), 392–397. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-1591.134234
Bouty, A., Ayers, K. L., Pask, A., Heloury, Y., & Sinclair, A. H. (2015). The genetic and environmental factors underlying hypospadias. In Sexual Development (Vol. 9, Issue 5, pp. 239–259). S. Karger AG. https://doi.org/10.1159/000441988
Bracka, A. (n.d.). The role of two-stage repair in modern hypospadiology. In Indian Journal of Urology (Vol. 210).
Bush, N. C., Villanueva, C., & Snodgrass, W. (2015). Glans size is an independent risk factor for urethroplasty complications after hypospadias repair. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 11(6), 355.e1-355.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.05.029
Chandrasekharam, V. V. S. (2013). Single-stage repair of hypospadias using longitudinal dorsal island flap: Single-surgeon experience with 102 cases. Indian Journal of Urology, 29(1), 48–52. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-1591.109984
Chen, M. J., Karaviti, L. P., Roth, D. R., & Schlomer, B. J. (2018). Birth prevalence of hypospadias and hypospadias risk factors in newborn males in the United States from 1997 to 2012. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 14(5), 425.e1-425.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.08.024
Cui, X., He, Y., Huang, W., Chen, L., Wang, Y., & Zhou, C. (2020). Clinical efficacy of transverse preputial island flap urethroplasty for single-stage correction of proximal hypospadias: a single-centre experience in Chinese patients. BMC Urology, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-020-00686-3
Dason, S., Wong, N., & Braga, L. H. (2014). The contemporary role of 1 vs. 2-stage repair for proximal hypospadias. Translational Andrology and Urology, 3(4), 347–358. https://doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2223-4683.2014.11.04
Duarsa, G. W. K., Tirtayasa, P. M. W., Daryanto, B., Nurhadi, P., Renaldo, J., Tarmono, Utomo, T., Yuri, P., Siregar, S., Wahyudi, I., Situmorang, G. R., Ansharullah Palinrungi, M. A., Hutasoit, Y. I., Hutahaean, A. Y. A., Zulfiqar, Y., Sigumonrong, Y. H., Mirza, H., Rodjani, A., & Kloping, Y. P. (2020). Risk factors for urethrocutaneous fistula following hypospadias repair surgery in Indonesia. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 16(3), 317.e1-317.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.04.011
E. Martins, F., Simoes de Oliveira, P., & M. Martins, N. (2020). Historical Perspective and Innovations in Penile Urethroplasty. In Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction - From Evidence to Clinical Practice. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85908
Emir, H., Jayanthi, V. R., Nitahara, K., Danismend, N., & Koff, S. A. (2000). Modification of The Koyanagi Technique for The Single Stage Repair of Proximal Hypospadias. The Journal of Urology, 164, 973–976.
Epelboym, Y., Estrada, C., & Estroff, J. (2017). Ultrasound diagnosis of fetal hypospadias: Accuracy and outcomes. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 13(5), 484.e1-484.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.02.022
Faure, A., Bouty, A., Nyo, Y. L., O’Brien, M., & Heloury, Y. (2016). Two-stage graft urethroplasty for proximal and complicated hypospadias in children: A retrospective study. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 12(5), 286.e1-286.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2016.02.014
Fawzy, A. (2023). Single-Stage Vs Two-Stage Urethroplasty For Hypospadia. International Journal of Health and Clinical Research, 6(1), 9–14. www.ijhcr.com9
Fernández, N., Pérez, J., Monterrey, P., Poletta, F. A., Bägli, D. J., Lorenzo, A. J., & Zarante, I. (2017). ECLAMC study: Prevalence patterns of hypospadias in South America: Multi-national analysis over a 24-year period. International Braz J Urol, 43(2), 325–334. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2016.0002
Gite, V. A., Nikose, J. V, Bote, S. M., & Patil, S. R. (n.d.). Anterior Urethral Advancement as a Single-Stage Technique for Repair of Anterior Hypospadias: Our Experience RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY.
Goel, H. K., Tirthraj, C. M., Kabra, S., Gahlawat, S., Sharma, U., & Sood, R. (2021). Factors affecting outcome of adult hypospadias single stage repair: A prospective observational study. Turkish Journal of Urology, 47(5), 420–426. https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2021.21163
González, R., Lingnau, A., & Ludwikowski, B. M. (2018). Results of onlay preputial flap urethroplasty for the single-stage repair of mid- and proximal hypospadias. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2018.00019
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