INSIGHTS ON APARTMENT BUILDINGS IN LAHORE
Muhammad Nadeem1, Talha Sabir2, Huma
Shahzadi3
University of Engineering and Technology Lahore,
Punjab, Pakistan1
National University of Science and Technology,
Islamabad, Pakistan2
Lahore College for Women University, Punjab, Pakistan3
nadeem3910@gmail.com1, talhasabar489@gmail.com2, its.huma.iqbal@gmail.com3
|
KEYWORDS |
ABSTRACT |
|
apartments,
Lahore, design, resident satisfaction |
Vertical
urban growth is considered to be sustainable over a long period of time in
developing countries. Vertical development has proven to be the most
practical and sensible way for cities to grow in terms of economic and other
important factors. The aim of this project is to look at residential
satisfaction in apartment buildings. Research on the factors that influence
the sample community's satisfaction with their homes is part of this
research. The case study locations are Jallo
colony, Kausar Flats and Askari
11 Apartments in Lahore. Distribution of survey questionnaires to 250
randomly selected participants from three designated areas (apartments) was
the main element of the research methodology. Reliability analysis was
carried out to determine the elements that influence citizen satisfaction. On
the other hand, the opinions of tenants of apartment buildings in different parts
of Lahore were compared using the chi-square test. However, rather than
stopping at this research, scientists should go further and concentrate on
the bad data that highlights design flaws that planners and architects must
overcome to develop environments and spaces that satisfy humans. Our research
revealed results that are largely consistent with previous research. This is
followed by affordability, layout, proximity, connectivity, environmental
factors, location, and recreational and leisure activities. Many publications
center on citizen satisfaction with the complex's facilities and service
requirements. |
|
DOI: 10.58860/ijsh.v3i1.151 |
|
Corresponding Author: Muhammad Nadeem
Email: nadeem3910@gmail.com
INTRODUCTION
Vertical urban growth is considered viable for a long
time in developing countries. Vertical development has shown to be the most
practical and reasonable way for cities to grow in terms of the economy and
other significant factors (Wennersten, 2018; Zhang & Tang, 2023). Vertical growth obstructs horizontal expansion, which in turn prevents
the use of agricultural land. The distances between sites are shortened in a
vertical city since it is smaller than a horizontal one. Lahore, the
second-most populous city in Pakistan, has to catch up with development (Khan, 2020). The city is growing quickly and constructing residences on farmland.
The true reason for this unintentional growth is "urbanization."
Urbanization is the process of making a location more urban (Zeuthen, 2018).
The fact that apartments are frequently less expensive
than single-family homes is one of their key advantages. Apartments are a more
cost-effective choice for tenants on a restricted budget because they are usually
smaller and require less maintenance (Bright et al., 2019). Furthermore, apartments are a convenient choice for people who like to
be close to their place of employment, public transportation, and other
facilities because they are frequently found in more metropolitan regions (Li et al., 2019). There is a significant lack of available space in Lahore, and more
individuals are choosing to remain in high-rise structures. In Lahore,
structures with twenty floors or more are becoming more prevalent. One of the
main causes of Lahore's population exodus to the suburbs is the city's chronic
shortage of affordable homes (Javed & Riaz, 2020). The apartment buildings are providing cheap accommodation for a
considerable portion of the population. Several state-of-the-art facilities are
available to residents of these high-rise structures.
The goal of the current study is to look into residential
satisfaction in apartment complexes located in a popular Lahore neighborhood.
The study's primary goals include examining resident satisfaction concerning
complex facilities, considerations to consider when choosing a high-rise
apartment, community lifestyle, social support, and resident health and
happiness regarding gender and apartment occupancy status. An apartment is any
building whose height significantly affects evacuations. The aforementioned
term can be found in the metropolitan spatial organization common economic
model (Sharafi et al., 2017).
A home is more than just a building; therefore,
neighborhood contentment is also a part of residential enjoyment. The residents
may be exposed to poor housing conditions and health risks as a result of
experiencing flaws in the basic building materials. Outlining minimum building
criteria and size limits for residential units may be essential for public
housing legislation. Financial gains, lifestyle improvements, planning, and
environmental concerns all have an impact on satisfaction levels. When someone
says they are satisfied with their neighborhood, they feel like they belong and
that the area meets their needs and wants. It is a multifaceted idea that
places special emphasis on the social and physical environments, which include
sentiments of acceptance and belonging, as well as the accessibility of local
resources. Residential satisfaction in apartment buildings is now a crucial
component of psychology, happiness in one's own life, society lifestyle,
health, and general well-being. There are few studies in Pakistan on residents'
satisfaction with high-rise apartment buildings (Peace, 2022).
Investigating the primary and combined effects of gender
and occupancy status on the evaluation of complex amenities, high-rise
apartment selection factors, neighborhood connections, social support, health,
happiness, and residential satisfaction are the main objectives of the current
study. Some of the worries about population increase and urbanization, such as
those about infrastructure and social amenities, can be lessened with the aid
of this study on apartment complexes. However, a comprehensive examination of
the occupants' satisfaction in their homes has not yet been conducted for these
structures.
METHOD
The study employed a comprehensive
questionnaire survey of the residents in conjunction with a succinct literature
evaluation. Significant factors that influence residents' contentment in
apartment complexes were discovered. Stakeholders should consider these
suggestions in the future when planning residential apartment complexes. This
is an important phase in the research project since it will describe how to
collect data and how to improve the outcomes. The architecture industry is
built on dual working or doing work in both the office and the field. Since the
pandemic situation makes data collection challenging, the focus of this step
will be on visiting apartment buildings and utilizing internet platforms to
obtain input. Quantitative research will be carried out to investigate this. The
study employs a basic random sampling methodology. Various apartment buildings will
be visited, and interviews about their daily lives will be conducted.
Pakistan's next generation of tall residential buildings. Professionals and
citizens participated in an online and offline survey for this study in order
to gather data using a self-constructed research questionnaire.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This chapter goes into great detail on the important
factors affecting residents' level of satisfaction. For this aim, these
components are separated into three groups. First, residents' contentment is
influenced by socio-economic level parameters such as age, income, gender,
marital status, race, and education of the respondents (Sakariyau et al., 2023). A second set of criteria for measuring residential satisfaction is
housing attributes, which include things like size, cost, building design, and
physical conditions. Third, tenant satisfaction is influenced by the
apartment's features (Sakariyau et al., 2023). This study also looks at how these factors affect resident satisfaction
in Lahore. The reliability analysis and chi-square test were performed using
SPSS software. The chapter is divided into two sections: the first section
presents the statistical findings about respondents' satisfaction in the case
study region, and the second section describes the findings regarding
architects', builders', students', and potential stakeholders' perceptions.
The qualities
of housing have a big impact on how content people are at home. A greater size
and better set of amenities are examples of positive home attributes that have
been shown in research to be important predictors of residential pleasure (Mouratidis,
2020). Even though this study
found a favorable correlation between residential satisfaction and floor space,
housing costs, and home ownership, these factors are not significant in Lahore (Khalid
& Sunikka-Blank, 2020). Interestingly, building design is the most significant
factor influencing residential satisfaction (with a Cronbach's
Alpha value of less than 1%). This suggests that building design and the higher
degree of construction that goes into it is critical. Locals in Lahore appear
to place greater value on house quality than on location and cost.
Reliability analysis
The qualities of housing have a big
impact on how content people are at home. A greater size and better set of
amenities are examples of positive home attributes that have been shown in
research to be important predictors of residential pleasure (Ma et
al., 2018). Even though this study
found a favorable correlation between residential satisfaction and floor space,
housing costs, and home ownership, these factors are not significant in Lahore.
Interestingly, building design is the most significant factor influencing
residential satisfaction (with a Cronbach's Alpha
value of less than 1%). This suggests that building design and the higher
degree of construction that goes into it is critical. Locals in Lahore appear
to place greater value on house quality than on location and cost.
Nevertheless, the preceding table
offered some indications that Lahore's housing stock, both kinds combined, was
deteriorating. However, the overall quality results from the viewpoint of the
residents show that, while all 156 residents in private housing are happy with
the quality of their building, over 55% of residents in public housing are not (Kshetrimayum
et al., 2020). Consequently, of the 250
randomly selected people of Lahore, 248 indicated that they were either as satisfied or more satisfied with the building quality than
49.60%. In comparison, only 1.24% indicated they were in the center (between
satisfied and unsatisfied). 38% of respondents to this survey said that their
apartment building's quality was unsatisfactory.
Table 1 Item-Total Statistics
|
Item-Total Statistics |
|||||
|
Variables |
Scale Mean if Item Deleted |
Scale Variance if Item Deleted |
Corrected Item-Total Correlation |
Squared Multiple Correlation |
Cronbach's Alpha if Item Deleted |
|
External appearance/ building height |
31.11 |
24.579 |
.427 |
.669 |
.752 |
|
Security |
30.99 |
25.845 |
.337 |
.266 |
.762 |
|
Design of the entrance/lobby |
30.72 |
24.964 |
.344 |
.505 |
.763 |
|
Exterior Color of the building |
31.13 |
25.238 |
.626 |
.753 |
.740 |
|
Vertical circulation within the building (lifts and stairways) |
30.97 |
25.520 |
.492 |
.600 |
.748 |
|
Are you satisfied with the stair-step height in your building? |
31.10 |
24.962 |
.373 |
.767 |
.758 |
|
Stairway material/ lift speed |
31.07 |
20.347 |
.753 |
.800 |
.701 |
|
Postal service |
30.99 |
25.845 |
.337 |
.266 |
.762 |
|
Horizontal distance/material (hallway distance) |
40.21 |
75.717 |
.635 |
.718 |
.860 |
|
Lighting level inside the apartment building |
29.31 |
25.370 |
.318 |
.503 |
.765 |
|
Door keeping service |
30.38 |
26.181 |
.310 |
.755 |
.764 |
|
maintenance and repair service |
29.51 |
24.310 |
.307 |
.383 |
.773 |
|
Disposal service/ cleanliness |
30.67 |
24.254 |
.500 |
.772 |
.743 |
|
Adequate number and quality of fire extinguishers/ escape routes |
41.03 |
77.182 |
.609 |
.836 |
.861 |
|
The building is safe against an earthquake |
41.06 |
73.715 |
.741 |
.748 |
.853 |
|
Construction stability of the apartment building |
40.65 |
74.765 |
.706 |
.751 |
.856 |
|
Requests met by the Administration and Maintenance Office |
39.57 |
85.037 |
.213 |
.570 |
.880 |
The
outcomes line up with the conclusions Regarding
privacy within a house. Gifford
& McCunn (2018) first
highlight that a house is a private space and that the walls and doors are what
give privacy from various external factors like neighbors and the environment
and even more from other people who share a house. In order to prevent
isolation, people need to know how big the house is.
Elevators,
lobbies, and other public areas were found to be more private than semi-public
areas in high-rise buildings. This suggests that privacy does not equate to
isolation but also does not mean an excessive number of strangers in a
building's public areas. Additionally, studies have shown that having
semi-public areas in apartments reduces feelings of losing control over one's
surroundings and increases happiness with interpersonal relationships and a
sense of community.
Accessibility and planning Satisfaction
The SPSS program was used to conduct
a reliability analysis of the pertinent components of home satisfaction based
on survey data. Three inferences can be drawn from the results. Firstly, residential
satisfaction is influenced by personal aspects such as demographic and
socio-economic features. The level of education, occupation, and household
income all have a positive impact on how happy one is at home (F.
Zhang et al., 2018). Family size has a
negative impact on residential satisfaction. Gender and household wealth are
the two factors that most influence how happy one feels at home. Second, it was
found that residential satisfaction was influenced by the features of the home (Azimi
& Esmaeilzadeh, 2017). While floor area, cost
of living, and home ownership all affect residential pleasure in Lahore, the
most significant factors are new building levels and the architecture of the
structure.
Lastly, it is critical to
take the neighborhood's characteristics into account. The most important variables
affecting residential happiness were determined to be the community type,
population density, and proximity to the district's commercial core (Gao
et al., 2022). On the other hand, it
appears that residential contentment is less affected by the distance to the
port working zones.
Table 2 Item-Total Statistics
|
Item-Total Statistics |
|||||
|
Variables |
Scale Mean if Item Deleted |
Scale Variance if Item Deleted |
Corrected Item-Total Correlation |
Squared Multiple Correlation |
Cronbach's Alpha if Item Deleted |
|
Location |
41.24 |
77.704 |
.635 |
.673 |
.860 |
|
Public transport access |
40.65 |
75.526 |
.682 |
.720 |
.857 |
|
Leisure facilities? (If yes, are you satisfied with them?) |
41.03 |
77.182 |
.609 |
.836 |
.861 |
|
Distance of convenience stores/markets? |
41.06 |
73.715 |
.741 |
.748 |
.853 |
|
automobile parking space |
40.65 |
74.765 |
.706 |
.751 |
.856 |
|
Cleanliness of public areas |
39.57 |
85.037 |
.213 |
.570 |
.880 |
|
Illumination in public areas |
40.21 |
75.717 |
.635 |
.718 |
.860 |
|
Security in public areas |
40.32 |
76.671 |
.694 |
.777 |
.857 |
|
Shopping and social places |
40.76 |
75.451 |
.706 |
.859 |
.856 |
|
Culture and arts facilities (cinema, theatre, etc.) |
41.26 |
74.169 |
.811 |
.866 |
.851 |
|
Children’s playgrounds |
41.00 |
79.606 |
.546 |
.701 |
.865 |
|
Nurseries, primary and high schools |
40.74 |
80.535 |
.464 |
.767 |
.868 |
|
Religious facilities |
40.67 |
97.380 |
-.360 |
.558 |
.909 |
|
sufficiency of public spaces |
40.50 |
77.437 |
.613 |
.787 |
.861 |
Explanation
According to
the statistical research, the majority of respondents express great
satisfaction with the quality and helpfulness of the management and maintenance
staff, as well as the service they receive from the apartment owners. The
quality and circumstances of their residence, as well as the sense of safety
they experience in their communities, were also highly rated by the
respondents. The satisfaction levels displayed in the table indicate values for
more than 0.5 of the criteria, which include location, accessibility to public
transportation, recreational opportunities, distance to convenience stores and
markets, and parking space for cars. The state of public spaces, lighting in
public spaces, safety measures in public spaces, social and retail spaces,
Playgrounds for kids, nurseries, elementary and secondary schools, theaters,
and other cultural and artistic establishments. The
availability of enough public areas, religious facilities, and others.
Regarding the
maintenance personnel who help them with repairs as well as the repairs
themselves, respondents expressed extremely high levels of satisfaction. Nearly
all maintenance and repair-related features obtained average satisfaction
ratings of "1" or "strongly agree," which indicates
extremely high satisfaction. Another area where respondents were extremely
happy was safety. Their level of satisfaction varied, encompassing both their
sense of security within their homes and their sense of safety in the community
outside. With average ratings of 0.8 and 0.65, men were more likely than women
to feel comfortable when school-age children strolled alone in the community
during the day.
Comparison
This study
aimed to ascertain how occupancy status and gender affected apartment
amenities, communal lifestyle, social support, health and wellness, and
residential satisfaction of residents in Lahore's apartment buildings, as well
as factors that influenced residents' decisions to choose a suite in a
high-rise. The findings can be interpreted in light of this. Therefore, at
most, they should be regarded as suggestive rather than definitive. The study's
findings indicate that a sizable portion of the population, on average,
expressed a moderate level of satisfaction with the amenities included in their
Jallo colony apartments. In contrast, a higher
proportion of inhabitants expressed a respectable degree of contentment with
the communal life at Kausar apartments. Additionally,
more people in Askari 11 reported being in good
health, having high levels of residential satisfaction, and being happy.
The fact that
all the amenities are in excellent condition and there is no possibility of
wear and tear due to the short building period is a major factor in the
projected direction of the outcomes. In addition, both the Dhalla
and Labor apartments are situated in close proximity to the public transport
station, offering easy access to all important services. Cement, sand, brick,
brick face, steel, steel windows with glass, and steel doors are the materials
utilized in Kausar apartments. There is a parking
problem in the Kausar apartments.
Many of the
respondents said they would want to live in areas with lots of amenities either
nearby or within the complex. Individuals in every case study region bemoan the
absence of contemporary amenities in their residences. Developers are now
responsible for providing their residents with a complete living environment
instead of just building residential apartments. Facilities like a clubhouse,
tennis courts, jogging paths, swimming pools, and gymnasiums are typically
given by the builders in high-rise buildings. Higher levels of resident
satisfaction were shown to be correlated with the availability of contemporary
facilities.
Compared to
houses, Askari apartments often have smaller overall
floor plans with more condensed rooms. Because there are so many people living
in one complex, there may be more noise and less privacy than there is in a
single-family home. Unless parked in a facility with designated spaces, parking
is not assured.
Table 3 Chi-Square Tests
|
Chi-Square
Tests |
|||
|
|
Value |
df |
Asymptotic Significance (2-sided) |
|
Pearson
Chi-Square |
23.212a |
18 |
.183 |
|
Likelihood
Ratio |
27.989 |
18 |
.062 |
|
Linear-by-Linear
Association |
.536 |
1 |
.464 |
|
N of Valid
Cases |
40 |
|
|
|
a. 30 cells
(100.0%) have an expected count of less than 5. The minimum expected count is
.23. |
|||
According
to the results, people who live in high-rise buildings have proximity to the
facilities they need in their everyday lives, such as stores, eateries,
schools, public transportation, and green areas, with high marks. Numerous studies
have repeatedly shown that persons' decisions to live where they did were
influenced by the accessibility and placements of these urban amenities. The
residents are content if there are amenities close to their homes or a short
commute away. To take advantage of these amenities, people wish to cut down on
commute time.
Table 4 Crosstab
|
Crosstab |
|||||
|
Count |
|||||
|
|
Organization
Name |
Total |
|||
|
Jallo colony |
Askari 11 |
Kausar flats |
|||
|
About satisfaction of apartment |
Size of your residence/ location of flat |
1 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
|
Residence functional/ view from a flat |
2 |
1 |
3 |
6 |
|
|
Water quality |
0 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
|
|
insulation/ electrical fixtures |
1 |
5 |
3 |
9 |
|
|
Window materials and water tightness at the windows |
1 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
|
|
Sanitary fixtures (wash basins, water closet, etc |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
|
Quality of television transmission |
0 |
2 |
3 |
5 |
|
|
Uninterrupted hot water service/ Central heating system |
1 |
0 |
4 |
5 |
|
|
Degree of privacy |
2 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
|
|
Acoustic quality of your residential space |
0 |
2 |
3 |
5 |
|
|
Total |
|
13 |
18 |
40 |
|
The chi-square test
findings, which compare the three case study locations, are displayed in the
table above. The property manager's appraisal usually yields better outcomes
than those of the residents residing there. This is a real situation, and it is
unquestionably serious. A thorough analysis reveals that this discrepancy
arises from the fact that the property managers only visit the house during
their assigned hours and do not reside there. Furthermore, tenants who purchase
and own their homes are not the owners of the property managers. Here are the
blatant and evident distinctions.
It is clear that there is a
pressing need to formulate and produce a set of practical guidelines for the
management of apartment buildings in this country. It is very important to note
that extensive rules, regulations, and guidelines must always go hand in hand
with strict enforcement and monitoring to ensure their effectiveness in solving
the problems of apartment buildings (Hackitt, 2018).
The
satisfaction on the three case study areas survey of these buildings shows that
some improvements still need to be considered. The actual situation brought out
in this paper has the possibility of indicating some guidelines for new
development. Other factors, such as surrounding development, should also be
considered for future development. The most important thing is the new
development needs to take into account the satisfaction of the residents when
all the units have been occupied and the standards of sustainability to be
followed as well (Chan & Adabre, 2019).
Table 5 Crosstab
|
Crosstab |
|||||
|
Count |
|||||
|
|
Organization
Name |
Total |
|||
|
Jallo colony |
Askari 11 |
Kausar flats |
|||
|
Effectiveness
of Apartments |
Rules
and regulations have some flaws |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
More
incentives to officers should be provided. More staff machinery is needed in
the planning department |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
|
The
bylaws must be prepared to keep in view the needs of the area rather than
being generic |
7 |
1 |
8 |
16 |
|
|
I
do not know |
0 |
12 |
10 |
22 |
|
|
Total |
9 |
13 |
18 |
40 |
|
Explanation
The variables in the case
study sections were examined using the chi-square test. Another area where
respondents expressed very high satisfaction was the inspection procedure,
particularly when it came to how they were handled by the staff members who
conducted the inspections, which received an average rating. The respondents
overwhelmingly concurred that their neighborhood is welcoming and diversified
and that they would heartily suggest their rental home to friends or relatives.
Furthermore, respondents express great satisfaction with the value they get
from their apartment in relation to the rent they pay and the promptness with
which owners communicate with them.
The longest wait times for
apartments and single-family homes were reported by residents of buildings with
interior hallways. Additionally, these respondents had a noticeably higher
likelihood of concurring that their house was their first choice. The primary
factors influencing residents' choice of location were the presence of eateries
and shops serving their preferred cuisine in the area (44.4%) and the
location's proximity to a bus route (6.0%). Approximately 70% of participants
stated that they do not use tobacco products, and roughly 54% of participants
think that their building ought to be smoke-free.
Figure 1
Comparison of Facilities in Case Study Areas
The majority of apartment buildings in Lahore are
created by several firms using various standards. High levels of residential
satisfaction are linked to the design and quality of housing, which are ensured
by regulations and standards of housing design for new residential buildings (Hassan et al., 2019; Malik, 2023). Second,
measures for enhancing community facilities and services'
accessibility—particularly for medical services—are recommended at the local
level. Meanwhile, there needs to be a reevaluation of Lahore's compact
development promotion. A densely populated area would lead to lower levels of
residential satisfaction and fewer residents wanting to move there (Wang & Wang, 2020). A
suitable population density ought to be recommended, taking into account both
compact development and residential contentment. Lastly, it is recommended that
apartment developments with a mix of residential and business uses be
encouraged (Yin et al., 2019).
To determine how individuals feel about apartment complexes generally and
to what extent they are satisfied, there were four categories of occupations:
college students, independent contractors, state-owned enterprises, government
employees, and public institution employees (Yin et al., 2019).
The author has also looked at the building quality from the standpoint of
the property manager in order to support this study. Rather than selecting
satisfied or unsatisfied, the majority of them indicated in their survey
response that it was the outcome of the construction quality in their place.
Regrettably, the building's overall quality has led to the selection of
contentment. This outcome is validated and displayed in the table.
For sustainable development to become mainstream, additional environmental protection measures
must be mandated by law. Purchasing buildings is primarily driven by the bottom
line, even though best practices and guidelines can assist in identifying areas
for improvement (Morledge et al., 2021). Property
development is a market-driven business, and apartment buildings are financial
instruments to most developers and clients (Voland et al., 2022).
Figure 2 Type of housing people living in Lahore
In the past, people
preferred to live in huge, detached homes that were specially constructed for
them on either purchased or inherited land. Nonetheless, the growth in
apartment complexes indicates that an increasing number of people in Lahore are
opting to live in apartments. A survey indicates that 75% of respondents are likely
to live in flats. In comparison, the remaining 25% want to live alone, with a
partner, or in a separate home.
Figure 3 Desire to live with
family in an apartment
A survey found
that 35% of respondents agreed with living in apartment complexes with family,
whereas 65% of respondents did not want to live there. Having a community
surrounding oneself is a benefit of apartment living.
According to
surveys, most people choose to live in apartments because they are convenient
to their places of employment. Because apartments are closest to their everyday
activities, 80% of people reside there. 75% of residents do so due to the
affordable rent.
Figure 4 Features of the location were most important
to you
Most
individuals live in apartments because they are convenient for their jobs,
universities, and other daily needs. 90% of respondents indicated that
being close to their place of employment and university makes living in an
apartment crucial. The remaining individuals are able to live there thanks to their
friends, family, healthcare providers, places of worship, and other factors.
Table 6 Correlations
|
Correlations |
|||||||
|
Variables |
Club/ Fitness Center |
Elevators/Vertical Travel/ Parking |
Medical Facility/ Prayer Area |
Utilities (Gas & Internet) |
Education Facility |
Kids Play Area/Entertainment |
Safety Precision |
|
Pearson Correlation |
1.000 |
.864 |
.815 |
.585 |
.764 |
.687 |
.642 |
|
.864 |
1.000 |
.861 |
.815 |
.563 |
.614 |
.585 |
|
|
.815 |
.861 |
1.000 |
.642 |
.687 |
.603 |
.574 |
|
|
.815 |
.861 |
.764 |
.642 |
.585 |
.574 |
.642 |
|
|
.687 |
.614 |
.603 |
.585 |
.574 |
1.000 |
.595 |
|
|
.642 |
1.000 |
.595 |
.815 |
.861 |
1.000 |
.687 |
|
|
.642 |
.585 |
.574 |
.764 |
.687 |
.595 |
1.000 |
|
In
the table, seven variables club/fitness center, elevators/vertical
travel/parking, medical facility/prayer area, utilities (gas & internet),
education facility, kids play area/entertainment, safety precision are listed,
with one of them being considered the dependent variable. With a correlation
coefficient of.864, the relationship between the first two variables
demonstrates how the public feels about it. The results of our study contribute
to the body of evidence supporting the residential contentment in Lahore's port
communities. This study looks into the aspects that affect residents'
satisfaction and offers policy recommendations for raising residential satisfaction.
First, housing renewal projects must be supported since the building's
architecture and new floors are the most important elements influencing
residential satisfaction. Meanwhile, regulations by the government should be
promoted to provide a housing design standard for real estate companies.
CONCLUSION
The research we conducted revealed
results that are largely consistent with the previous studies. According to
some studies, the most important factor in deciding whether to buy or rent a
residential apartment is the accessibility of essential utilities. This is
followed by affordability, layout, proximity, connectivity, environmental
factors, location, and leisure and recreational activities. Numerous
publications center on residents' contentment with complex facilities and
service requirements. Facilities and amenities have a major role in luring or
discouraging individuals to relocate to a new location (a high rise). A
resident's quality of life may suffer, and their time to adjust to new
surroundings may be prolonged if inadequate facilities and services are
available. Amenities are a major factor when selecting a residence. They are
demanded and willingly paid for by people. The development of homes with many
amenities constructed in isolated areas could satisfy the needs of the local
population. For example, the results of the study indicate that the presence of
basic amenities in a complex was valued more by the residents than other
characteristics such as location, cost, layout, and accessibility to other
amenities and services. Based on observation and literature, a thorough
interview with ten teenagers was conducted regarding privacy, which is one of
the main issues with living in an apartment. The teens had different ideas
about what privacy was, and they believed that apartments were less private than
horizontal housing as they did not provide both visual and auditory solitude. Teens
utilize their alone time to freely express themselves and to prepare and
arrange their thoughts through self-talk. Since none of the three locations had
a ramp or a lift to assist the elderly or the disabled, future research should
focus on how different demographic groups, such as the elderly or people with
disabilities, perceive these apartment buildings. This is because looking
closely at the factors influencing Lahore's cultural perception of apartment
living is critical. Unplanned vertical development usually lacks open spaces
for play, just as the flat colonies selected for this study do. Thus, it is
advisable to carefully evaluate the needs of different demographic groups at
every stage of the planning process. Conducting a comprehensive review of
apartment satisfaction across different resident categories can help to improve
the sustainability of vertical growth in Lahore.
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